Red Meat & Colorectal Cancer Risk
By: Dhruv Soundarapandian, Coral Academy of Science - Windmill
(Click on the poster to enlarge)
Summary
This project investigates the link between red meat consumption and the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC), a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. CRC primarily affects the colon and rectum, with higher prevalence in males and regions like Oceania. The report highlights that red meat is a significant risk factor for CRC, potentially increasing cancer risk by up to 50%. This is attributed to the presence of an alkylating signature in the colon walls, which is associated with mutations in the KRAS and PIK3CA genes that promote cancer growth. Factors contributing to the carcinogenicity of red meat include polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) produced during high-temperature cooking and heme, which induces lipid peroxidation. Although CRC rates are declining in individuals over 50 due to improved screening, cases are rising among those under 50. The report underscores genetic predispositions, such as mutations in the KRAS and PIK3CA genes and polymorphisms in the HAS2 and SMAD7 genes, which elevate risk. The project shows reduced red meat consumption to lower CRC risk, as global cancer rates increase alongside rising meat consumption.
A representation of how CRC can progress from a simple polyp to cancer. (Figure
representation created by the author:
Dhruv Soundarapandian)
Video Presentation
Impact Statement
My name is Dhruv Soundarapandian. Through this program, I thoroughly enjoyed learning all about cancer and how it can take over the body. My project centered on red meat consumption and its correlation to colorectal cancers. It delved into how colorectal cancers develop and the various factors that go into making red meat carcinogenic, namely polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and hemoglobin-myoglobin clusters. I would say that this program was highly beneficial in giving me a background in genetics and cancer biology and learning how to write a good report and do adequate research. I also highly appreciate the focus on one-on-one instruction, which promoted the program’s overall efficiency as it allowed for personalized aid that was much more specific and helpful.
Report White Paper
(Click to view the full report)
_By: Dhruv Soundarapandian_
The opinions expressed here are the views of the writer and do not necessarily reflect the views and opinions of Elio Academy.
